Deep dive · NYSE: VIV
Telefônica Brasil S.A. stock analysis
Everything behind the call on Telefônica Brasil S.A. 6 sections, ordered the way risk stacks up: survival first, quality and price in the middle, context last. The Beacon gives you the read. This is where you check the work.
The five reads
Global tape
No overseas listings — VIV trades on its home exchange only.
The bottom linestart hereAs of 2026-11-09
Chart pattern
Below both averages
The 50-day sits below the 200-day
50-day $11.83 · -1.9%
200-day $13.25 · -12.4%
200-day $13.25 · -12.4%
Earnings
tomorrow
10 Nov 2026
beat 3–4 of the last 8
cohort P(beat) 53% · n=39,147
cohort P(beat) 53% · n=39,147
Valuation
10.9× forward
28th of its own five-year range
5yr median 17×
FCF yield 30.35%
FCF yield 30.35%
Dividend
8.70%
Forward annual yield at today's price
Risk flags
1 on watch
5 checks run, 3 clear
beta 0.47 · vol 48% ann.
worst drawdown -32%
worst drawdown -32%
New to this? Every metric carries a plain-English read beside it, and an ⓘ next to a label opens the definition. Anything unfamiliar is also defined at the foot of the page under Glossary.
In one paragraphwhat the company actually does114 chars
Telefônica Brasil S.A., together with its subsidiaries, operates as a mobile telecommunications company in Brazil.
NYSE · USDTelecommunication Services
$11.61+0.18 · +1.57%AH · vol 1.70M
52-week range↑ 9% off low · ↓ 32.7% off high
$10.70now $11.61$17.26
Quote Nov 9, 2026 · 4:00 PM ET
Tape 2026-11-06
Factors 2026-11-09
Tape 2026-11-06
Factors 2026-11-09
01
Survival & solvency
and 3 of 5 forensic checks clear.
↳ Plain EnglishBefore anything else: can this company pay its bills? These blocks check the balance sheet, whether your slice of ownership is being diluted, and whether the accounting looks honest.
Piotroski F-score
F 8/9CLEAR
Piotroski F-score 8 of 9. Nine pass/fail tests covering profitability, leverage and operating efficiency; seven or more is strong.
Balance sheetNov 9, 2026
Solvency and liquidity ratios
Current ratioshort-term assets against short-term bills1.00×healthy >2
Debt / equityborrowings against shareholder capital0.30
Net debtborrowings in excess of cash on hand$13.31B
Your ownership stake
Share-count growth vs peersLOW DILUTION
17th pctile
Where this name's share-count growth ranks among peers. Lower is less dilutive.
Accounting forensicsSEC filings
Red-flag x-rayGRADE A
88 / 100
0 critical · 1 watch · 3 clear of 4 scored tests
Red-flag x-ray · every check, passes included
CheckStatusValueWhat it looks for
Bankruptcy distressNAn/aAltman-Z not available · fundamentals
Earnings manipulationCLEARM -2.94M-score in range · fundamentals
LeverageCLEARLTD/E 0.06long-term debt 0.06× equity · fundamentals
Profitability qualityCLEARF 8/9Piotroski F-score 8 of 9 · fundamentals
Filing forensicsWATCH2 flags2 filing red flags on the latest 10-K · forensic
5 checks, 3 clear and 1 watch. The passes are shown because a score built from five checks means something different from one built from three.
02Refreshed · Nov 9, 2026FAIR · 54/100
Business quality
10% net margin, 9% return on equity, +7% revenue growth, and capital earning 10% against a 6% cost.
↳ Plain EnglishMargins tell you how much of each sales dollar the company keeps. Return on capital tells you whether reinvesting that money creates value. Both are read against what the filings support, not against a target.
Quality score
54 / 100FAIR
Profitability, growth and balance strength scored separately, then blended.
ProfitabilityRefreshed · Nov 9, 2026
Net marginOF EVERY SALES DOLLAR
10.3%
The share of revenue that survives every cost and becomes profit.
Gross marginPRICING POWER
44.8%
What is left of a sales dollar before overhead — the clearest read on pricing power.
Operating marginAFTER RUNNING COSTS
16.6%
What survives the cost of running the whole business.
Return on equityPER $1 OF EQUITY
9.0%
Annual return on each dollar of shareholder equity.
ROIC − WACC spreadCREATES VALUE
4.4pp
Earns 10% on invested capital that costs about 6%. A positive spread means every retained dollar compounds rather than leaks.
Growth & relative strength
Trailing return by period
1 month-9.6%
3 months-4.2%
6 months-26.7%
Year to date-3.6%
1 year-9.2%
Revenue growth (YoY)GROWING
+6.7%
Revenue against the same period a year ago.
EPS growth (YoY)MARGINS WIDENING
+13.0%
Earnings per share against a year ago. Running ahead of revenue means margins are widening.
12-1 momentumEX LAST MONTH
+6.9%
Return over the last year excluding the most recent month — the standard momentum factor, which drops the short-term reversal.
Relative-strength rankTOP 40%
60 / 100
Where this name's 3-month return against the S&P 500 ranks across the market — a quarter's standing, not the year's.
Around earningsJul 27, 2026
P(beat next quarter)COHORT BASE RATE
53%
survivor-tilted universe (currently-listed names; large-cap-skewed coverage)
Beat rate · this nameBEAT 3–4 OF THE LAST 8
4 of 8
Its own record against consensus. 8 prints is a small sample, which is why the cohort rate above carries the probability.
Fell after a beatP(FELL | BEAT)
30%
A beat is not a plan: this share of them still closed lower on the day.
Rose after a missP(ROSE | MISS)
27%
The mirror of the line above, over its own denominator.
Typical earnings moveMEDIAN ABSOLUTE
±2.9%
Unsigned magnitudes from its own prints. Direction is not part of this read.
Reaction: beat vs missData unavailableThe beat-versus-miss reaction gap is not computed for this name — undetermined — needs ≥12 measured beats.
Dividends & income
Dividend yieldforward annual
8.70%
The cash return the payment alone provides at today's price.
Cash coveragefree cash flow
>2x
Whether the payment is funded out of the cash the business generates.
Inventory ledger
Data unavailableNo inventory detail is tagged in this company's filings. The ledger needs the XBRL inventory components, which a business without physical goods does not report.
Segments & geography
Data unavailableRevenue by segment and region is not on file for this name, so product and geographic concentration are not shown.
Pattern reliability · platform-wide cohortSnapshot · Nov 6, 2026
Sideways
HorizonHigherMedianObservations
10d47%0.0%1,533,785
21d48%0.0%720,839
63d50%+0.1%226,963
slope -0.02 over 40 bars
Bullish engulfing · leans bullish
HorizonHigherMedianObservations
10d46%-0.4%142,690
21d47%-0.5%67,155
63d48%-0.5%21,379
green body engulfs prior red
Piercing line · leans bullish
HorizonHigherMedianObservations
10d47%-0.3%143,166
21d48%-0.4%67,388
63d49%-0.4%21,511
closes above prior midpoint
Double top · leans bearish
HorizonHigherMedianObservations
10d49%0.0%1,261,485
21d50%0.0%593,026
63d52%+0.4%187,344
two peaks ≈ equal — reversal if neckline breaks
0328TH OF ITS 5-YEAR RANGE
Price & timing
Price $11.61, 10.9× forward earnings, RSI 47.
↳ Plain EnglishA multiple is what the market charges for a dollar of this company's earnings, cash or revenue; the trend and the options tape say what the price is doing around it. Together they are the timing picture, not the quality one.
Trend
Below every average0 OF 3 AVERAGES
50-day $11.83 · 200-day $13.25. Price above both is the structural definition of an uptrend.
The setup right now
Price · 504 sessions2024-11-04 → 2026-11-06
price50-day200-day
How to read this
Up 1.57% on the session.
Follow the solid line: each point is a session close. Compare it to the 50-day average — while price stays above it the short-term trend is up, and a drop below is the first structural warning.
Momentum (RSI-14)COOL
47
030 oversold70 hot100
Where momentum sits on a 0–100 scale. Above 70 is overbought, below 30 oversold; the middle says the move has room either way.
Typical day (ATR-14)±3.8%
$0.44
The average true range — how far this stock moves on an ordinary day. It sets the scale a stop has to clear.
MACDBELOW SIGNAL
-0.10
The short-term trend against its own signal line. The sign is the read; the size is not a target.
Bollinger position38% OF RANGE
Mid band
Where price sits inside its own volatility band. The edges are where a move is stretched, not where it reverses.
20-day VWAPPRICE BELOW
$11.74
The volume-weighted average of the last month. Price above it means recent buyers are, on average, in profit.
Chandelier exitBROKEN
$11.76
A volatility-based trailing stop, set a few average ranges below the recent high.
10 Nov 2026 · tomorrowNext earningsThe next scheduled catalyst. The forward guide usually moves the tape more than the printed number.
2026-11-10 · tomorrowInflation (CPI)A scheduled macro release. It moves this stock independently of anything the company does.
Setup & oddsNightly
Pullback riskoverstretch read
High1.32× segment rate · n=6,842
Historically, large names in this tape state saw a ≥10% pullback within 63 trading days in 88% of cases (n=6,842).
Overstretchvs the 20-day mean
-0.8σ
How many standard deviations price sits from its 20-day mean. Beyond 2σ is genuinely stretched; inside it is ordinary.
Bottom zoneif it breaks down
$11 – $113 supports
Where prior demand appeared: S1 at $11.32, Pivot low at $11.11, Pivot low at $11.03.
Slide scorefalling-knife check
25 / 100Neutral
A composite of consecutive down days, gap risk and volume expansion. Low means any decline is orderly.
Signal
The odds lean, the stretch qualifies it.
Not enough fundamental coverage to score this name's red-flag cohort — no 12-month odds shown.
Valuation
Earnings yield vs cashABOVE CASH
1.97pp
The earnings yield clears the risk-free rate, so the current return alone competes with cash.
Net cash per shareNET DEBT
$-4.13
Cash less every borrowing, per share. It is the part of the price that is not a claim on future profits.
Multiples
Forward P/Eearnings expected over the next 12 months10.9×5yr median 17×
Trailing P/Eearnings already reported14.9×28th of its 5yr range
PEG ratioP/E divided by growth; near 1 reads fair for the growth1.29
Price / salesprice against revenue, before any of it becomes profit0.6×5yr median 1.7×
Price / bookprice against the accounting value of the assets0.5×
EV / EBITDAthe multiple an acquirer would pay2.2×
EV / free cash flowenterprise value against the cash the business throws off4.5×
FCF yieldfree cash flow per dollar of market value30.35%
1 of the 8 priced multiples above sits in the richer half of its band. Each priced multiple is read against this stock's own history where a five-year range is on file, so the question is whether today is dear for this name rather than for the market. The multiples are computed separately from the quote above and are not re-priced as it moves, so they can lag it.
Price horizon & timingNov 6, 2026
Entryzone of pivot low + S1
$11.37Approach
Where the composer's entry sits, on its own stated basis.
TargetDaily pivot + vwap 50
$11.71$12–$12
A zone, not a price. It is where the composer expects supply, not a forecast.
Stop2× ATR below entry
$10.50risk $0.87/sh
The level that says the setup is wrong, on the basis named beside it.
Risk / rewardtarget vs stop
0.39:1flagged low
Less reward than risk at these levels. The composer publishes it rather than hiding it, because a sub-1 ratio is the argument against the trade.
Measure from a price$
To the 50-day
+1.9%
short-term trend line · $11.83
To the 200-day
+14.1%
primary trend line · $13.25
To the composer's target
+0.9%
Daily pivot + vwap 50 · set Nov 6, 2026 · $11.71
To the composer's stop
-9.6%
2× ATR below entry · set Nov 6, 2026 · $10.50
To the 52-week high
+48.7%
highest print of the past year · $17.26
To the 52-week low
-7.8%
lowest print of the past year · $10.70
A typical day (ATR)
$11.17 – $12.05
±$0.44 average true range
Type any price to re-measure every distance from it. Each row is a level this page already states somewhere else, so nothing here is a new number — and none of it is a recommendation to trade at that price.
Signal
Less reward than risk at this level.
Entry $11.37 · stop $10.50 · target $11.71, a 0.39:1 ratio. The composer flagged: earnings soon, low reward to risk.
Gamma map
Data unavailableThis name has no listed options chain, so there is no dealer gamma to map. Regime, flip level, walls and the implied move all need a chain to exist.
Options tape
Data unavailableNo options chain is connected for this ticker. Max pain, the put/call ratio, the implied move and the open-interest ladder all need the chain feed.
0413F quarterly · Form 4 dailyNET SIGNAL -1
Ownership & flow
Institutions hold 4%, short interest is 0.43% of float.
↳ Plain EnglishWho is buying and selling, and what they had to disclose. Institutions file 13F 45 days after quarter end, executives file Form 4 within two days, and Congress discloses under the STOCK Act with a 30–45 day legal lag. Every one of those is a look backwards.
Net signal
-1BALANCED · 30d
1 bull / 1 bear factors. The points sum to the net beside the label; nothing here is weighted after the fact.
The QTick signalNightly
Earnings4 QUARTERS · TIMING
-3
latest EPS missed by 14%
Quality / valueTTM · CONTEXT
+2
strong Piotroski F-score (8/9)
Signal
1 bull / 1 bear factors
Independent factors scored and netted to -1 over 30d, a balanced reading. 2 of 9 factors carried a direction; the others scored zero and do not vote. The signal describes where the data leans, not what to do about it.
Cross-category read
Data unavailableFewer independent evidence families are ready than the engine's minimum, so there is nothing to check for agreement. A cross-category read over two categories is not a read.
Wall Street
Data unavailableNo sell-side firm publishes research on this name. There is no consensus rating, no price target and no estimate revisions to weigh — for a company this size that is the norm rather than a gap in our data.
Who owns it13F quarterly · Form 4 daily
Institutional ownershipRETAIL-HEAVY
3.8%
The share held by 13F filers. It describes last quarter's positioning, not today's — filings land up to 45 days after quarter end.
Insider ownershipOFFICERS & DIRECTORS
0.0%
The share held by the people running the company.
Short interest (float)LIGHT
0.43%
Rising — shares short changed +4.0% over 30 days. There is no short base to squeeze here.
Free float22% OF SHARES
701.47M
Shares actually available to trade, excluding insider and restricted holdings.
Dollar volume (ADV)70th PCTILE
$18.44M/day
Average dollars traded per day, and where that ranks cross-sectionally. Thin liquidity is a cost you pay on the way out, not just on the way in.
Borrow feeData unavailableWe do not license securities-lending data, so the annualized cost of borrowing shares to short is not something we can show. Short interest and days-to-cover above are the closest read we can source.
The story · news & sentimentRolling window
Why it moved todayPEER COMOVE
+1.57%
VIV rose +1.57% in after-hours trading alongside 3 of 3 peers (median 1.39%) — a sector/market move, not company-specific.
CongressSTOCK Act · 30–45d lag
Signal
Evenly split.
1 of 2 disclosures are buys and 1 is a sale. Lawmakers disclose on a 30–45 day legal lag, so this describes what was done weeks ago, not what is being done now.
0519 graded callsHIGH VOLATILITY
Risk & track record
Beta 0.47, 48% annual volatility, a -32% worst drawdown, and 4 of 8 risk surfaces clear.
↳ Plain EnglishWhat owning it does to a portfolio, what the model votes against, and how often our own calls have been right. Every call is graded when it resolves, and the ones still open stay visible.
A very bad day (EVT)
−10.7%1-IN-200 DAY
Fitted to the tail of the return distribution rather than assuming a bell curve. Size the position so a day like this is survivable.
What it does to a portfolio5-year window
Beyond the tail (ES)1-IN-1,000 DAY
−20.7%
The average loss on a 1-in-1,000 day or worse — deeper in the tail than the 1-in-200 figure above and further than the measured history reaches, so it reads as the scale of a crash, not a forecast of one.
Tail understatementNEAR-NORMAL
1.5×
A normal-curve estimate understates this name's worst days by about 1.5×, so volatility alone is the wrong risk measure for it.
Max drawdownWORST FALL
-31.7%
The deepest peak-to-trough fall in the measured window. Only hold a position you can watch do this.
Beta (vs the market)LOW FIT
0.47
The market explains about 3.6% of its daily moves, so this beta says little about how it tracks the index — most of its movement is its own.
Annualized volatilityELEVATED
48%
How far it swings over a year, from its own realized returns.
Tactical phaseNIGHTLY READ
Neutral
Selling pressure39
Buying pressure0
Overheat0
State: neutral — No dominant short-horizon pressure in the tape.
What votes againstNightly
HighEarningslatest EPS missed by 14%4 quarters · -3
Signal
1 of 9 factors vote against.
Ranked by the size of each factor's own point contribution to the net signal — these are the model's stated reasons, not a written bear case. Each one is scored from the source named beside it.
Failure modes · by company type
Data unavailableFailure modes are routed per company type, and only the bank-run and crypto-treasury rulebooks are validated so far. This name routes as growth, so there is no cohort-specific checklist to run. A generic list would read as analysis without being any.
The risk case · why not to buy8 surfaces · nightly
Suggested position capmax defensible size
3.3%tail cap binds
max defensible size 3.3% - tail binds
Avoid score6-month distress
1.2%0.2× its cohort · heavily-traded large-caps
Observational 6-month large-drawdown risk ranking — not a forecast, not alpha. Historical distress rate for this heavily-traded large-caps segment: 8.0%. This name reads 0.1× that base rate.
LowDistress screenThe distress model did not score this name in the latest run, so this surface is unmeasured rather than clear.Not scored
MedPosition size, not conviction, is the binding constrainthalf-Kelly 44.3% · tail cap 3.3% · category cap 90.1%. The tail cap binds, so 3.4% is the number (n=25,762). We show which one binds rather than the friendliest.Sizing
LowLottery-ticket behaviourIts best 21-day return sits at 2.9% against a 11.0% cohort 90th-percentile threshold — below the line where forward returns have historically turned negative.Behaviour
LowCash runwayNon-burner: catastrophe rate 6.1% (n=297414).Solvency
LowPost-earnings driftDrift odds at full strength (+2.24% / 63-day spread reference from measured post-earnings drift).Timing
LowDividend riskNot scored for this name.Not scored
LowRestatement historyFiling history is not deep enough to check for restatements.Not scored
LowCrowded shortNot in a warn state: the crowded-short model only publishes when short interest and thin liquidity coincide, and neither condition is met here.Not scored
Signal
4 of 8 surfaces clear.
8 surfaces checked, 4 clear. The binding constraint is position size — the tail cap is the one that binds. Each row states which surface it is and what it measured; a surface that could not be scored says so rather than counting as clear.
Who should skip it
Skip it if any of these is you
You can't sit through -32%
That is this name's deepest measured fall, on 48% annualized volatility. A drawdown of that size is normal here, not exceptional.
You'd be buying into earnings
A report lands tomorrow.
Our track record19 resolved
Track recordBUILDING IN THE OPEN
35 logged
35 calls logged on this name, 19 resolved so far. Calls are logged the moment they are made, so the open ones are public before anyone knows how they turn out, and a hit-rate is not published until enough of them resolve.
0610-K disclosed linksTELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES
The wider context
5 mapped peers, 4 connections.
↳ Plain EnglishCompanies do not trade alone. This is the peer set, the supply chain that has to deliver, and the macro variables that move the stock regardless of company news.
Rate sensitivity
-55.9% per +1ppSECTOR
This is the SECTOR prior, not a measurement of this name — the regression did not clear its own bar. The verdict beside it (headwind) comes from the prior too, so the two agree by construction rather than by evidence.
Versus peersLatest session
Peer set · 5 names
SymbolRelationshipPriceSession
9434.TPeerJPY 238.40+1.27%
VZPeer$46.06+0.81%
DTEGYPeer$29.27+1.39%
DTEGFPeer$28.87-0.07%
TMUSPeer$168.71+4.14%
The mapped peer set and how each traded in the latest session. A peer moving with this name says the move is the sector's; one moving against it says the move is this company's.
Time machineHistory from 2023-06-01
Signal
1 of 4 backward windows are positive.
Look-back returns describe what happened, not what is likely. They are here to set the scale a future move would be measured on.
Macro driversRolling window
Next macro catalystTOMORROW
Inflation (CPI)
2026-11-10. A scheduled release that moves this stock independently of anything the company does.
Events · what moves this stockNov 2, 2026
Initial jobless claimsUsually helps when more people file for benefits than expected
Lower rates help growth-priced media and internet companies.
Typical for the Communication Services sector
On the day 0.0% · A week later +0.2% · Two weeks later +0.3% · Rose on 88 of 172 report days
Across the last 172 Initial jobless claims reports since Jun 8, 2023, VIV moved 0.0% on average on the day and was 0.3% higher two weeks later. The S&P 500 moved 0.0% on those days.
Producer prices (PPI) is due in 4 days.
Producer prices (PPI)Usually hurts when producer prices run hotter than expectedMedia and internet companies are valued on future growth, so higher rates for longer weigh on them.
Typical for the Communication Services sector
On the day +0.2% · A week later +0.1% · Two weeks later +0.4% · Rose on 26 of 40 report days
Across the last 40 Producer prices (PPI) reports since Jun 12, 2023, VIV moved +0.2% on average on the day and was 0.4% higher two weeks later. The S&P 500 moved +0.2% on those days.
Core PCE (the Fed's gauge)Usually hurts when inflation runs hotter than expected
Media and internet companies are valued on future growth, so higher rates for longer weigh on them.
Typical for the Communication Services sector
On the day -0.6% · A week later +0.1% · Two weeks later +0.3% · Rose on 13 of 39 report days
Across the last 39 Core PCE (the Fed's gauge) reports since Jun 28, 2023, VIV moved -0.6% on average on the day and was 0.3% higher two weeks later. The S&P 500 moved +0.2% on those days.
Core inflation (core CPI) is due tomorrow.
Core inflation (core CPI)Usually hurts when inflation runs hotter than expectedMedia and internet companies are valued on future growth, so higher rates for longer weigh on them.
Typical for the Communication Services sector
On the day +0.2% · A week later +0.2% · Two weeks later +0.4% · Rose on 25 of 39 report days
Across the last 39 Core inflation (core CPI) reports since Jun 12, 2023, VIV moved +0.2% on average on the day and was 0.4% higher two weeks later. The S&P 500 moved +0.2% on those days.
FOMC decisionUsually hurts when the Fed sounds more hawkish than expected
Growth-priced media and internet companies fall when rates stay high.
Typical for the Communication Services sector
On the day -0.4% · A week later +0.9% · Two weeks later +1.5% · Rose on 17 of 39 report days
Across the last 39 FOMC decision reports since Jul 1, 2023, VIV moved -0.4% on average on the day and was 1.5% higher two weeks later. The S&P 500 moved 0.0% on those days.
Inflation (CPI) is due tomorrow.
Inflation (CPI)Usually hurts when inflation runs hotter than expectedMedia and internet companies are valued on future growth, so higher rates for longer weigh on them.
Typical for the Communication Services sector
On the day +0.2% · A week later +0.2% · Two weeks later +0.4% · Rose on 25 of 39 report days
Across the last 39 Inflation (CPI) reports since Jun 12, 2023, VIV moved +0.2% on average on the day and was 0.4% higher two weeks later. The S&P 500 moved +0.2% on those days.
Job openings (JOLTS)Usually hurts when job openings come in higher than expected
More jobs means more ad spending, but the higher-rates reaction usually wins on the day.
Typical for the Communication Services sector
On the day +0.1% · A week later +0.4% · Two weeks later +0.6% · Rose on 21 of 39 report days
Across the last 39 Job openings (JOLTS) reports since Jul 5, 2023, VIV moved +0.1% on average on the day and was 0.6% higher two weeks later. The S&P 500 moved 0.0% on those days.
Jobs report (nonfarm payrolls)Usually hurts when hiring comes in stronger than expected
More jobs means more ad spending, but the higher-rates reaction usually wins on the day.
Typical for the Communication Services sector
On the day -0.1% · A week later +0.4% · Two weeks later +0.3% · Rose on 19 of 39 report days
Across the last 39 Jobs report (nonfarm payrolls) reports since Jul 6, 2023, VIV moved -0.1% on average on the day and was 0.3% higher two weeks later. The S&P 500 moved -0.1% on those days.
Customer momentum
Data unavailableCustomer momentum needs listed customers that disclose a revenue dependence on this company, and none is on file. The connections below are a different map: competitors and partners, most of them curated rather than filed.
Connections4 links · 1 confirmed
Direct connections · 4 edges
CompanyRelationSessionProvenance
AMZN · Suppliersupplier+2.94%Rumored · manual
TIMB · Competitorcompetitor+1.71%Confirmed · manual
WMT · Customercustomer+0.11%Rumored · manual
HD · Competitorcompetitor+2.90%Rumored · manual
1 of 4 edges are named in a filing; the rest come from reporting we have not matched to one yet, and are labelled as such.
Glossary · every term on this page
Survival
Altman Z
Bankruptcy-risk score. Above 3.0 is the safe band.
Piotroski F
Nine pass/fail health tests; 7 or more is strong.
Beneish M
Accrual and growth pattern screen. Clear below −2.22, watch to −1.78, elevated above; a year of very fast revenue growth lifts it by construction.
Merton DTD
Standard deviations of asset value between the company and its debt.
EDF
Default frequency calibrated on what actually happened to similar names.
Price & tape
RSI-14
Momentum gauge 0–100. Above 70 is overbought, below 30 oversold.
ATR
Average true range — the size of a typical day.
VWAP
20-day volume-weighted average price — the average paid over the last month; the page shows no intraday VWAP.
Supertrend
A trend-following stop line. A close through it flips the read.
Chandelier
A trailing stop set a few average ranges below the recent high.
Options & flow
Gamma / GEX
Dealer hedging pressure. Negative gamma amplifies moves both ways.
Call / put wall
The strikes with the heaviest open interest; they act as ceiling and floor.
Max pain
The strike where most options expire worthless.
13F · Form 4
Institutional filings, 45 days after quarter end. Insider trades, within two days.
Scoring
Composite signal
Independent factors scored and netted into one number.
Hit-rate
Share of past calls that resolved in the direction stated.
Brier score
Calibration measure. Lower means stated probabilities track reality.
HHI
Concentration 0–10,000. Above 2,500 means one segment carries the company.
EVT
Fits the tail rather than assuming a bell curve, so bad days are not understated.